Government Resources for Economics

Government agencies are often good sources of data, reports and other forms of information. Careful searches of some of the following sites may be rewarding.

Format	Author(s)	Title / Description	Date added	Details
	U.S. Census Bureau	1997 NAICS Definitions: 311 Food Manufacturing 1997 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes for food manufacturing industries. NAICS and SIC codes and the corresponding index entries are given. (more) Publication Year: 1997	Sep 4, 2002
	Food and Drug Administration	Administrative Detention of Food for Human or Animal Consumption Under the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 Final rule regarding the administrative detention of food that may present a threat to humans or animals. Includes an overview of the rule, comments to the proposed rule and FDA's responses, the regulatory impact analysis, and more. (more) Publication Date: Friday, June 4, 2004	Aug 23, 2004
	Ippolito, Pauline M., and Janis K. Pappalardo	Advertising Nutrition and Health Evidence from Food Advertising 1977-1997 An FTC Bureau of Economics Staff Report. The report examines the types of claims made in food advertising, with an emphasis on nutrition and health-related claims. There is also discussion on the relationship between regulation and advertising claims and on the economics of advertising. The report includes numerous charts and data tables. There are three appendices, entitled "Computerized Coding Instrument," "Selected Data Tables," and "FTC Food Advertising Cases". (more) Publication Month: September 2002	Nov 5, 2002
	U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Baseline Projection Tables USDA Agricultural Baseline Projections, which give long-run projections for the U.S. agricultural sector. Includes assumptions for U.S. and foreign macroeconomic conditions and projections for major commodities, farm income, and consumer food prices. (more)	Jun 7, 2002
	Agricultural Marketing Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Marketing Service This service administers programs that relate to the marketing of U.S. agricultural products, including food, fiber, and specialty crops. (more)	Jun 12, 2002
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Outlook Yearbook, 1960-1991 Annual time series data published in the July 1993 Agricultural Outlook Special Issue on 1962-91 Farm Sector Statistics. Statistics include U.S. crop and livestock production, utilization, trade, agricultural economics, and more. (more) Publication Month: July 1993	Jun 7, 2002
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Outlook: Statistical Indicators The statistical indicators formerly provided in Agricultural Outlook magazine will continue to be updated regularly on this website. These tables include data on individual commodities, the general economy, agricultural trade, farm income and expenses, farm prices, food prices and expenditures, and other statistical indicators of the food and agriculture system. (more) Publication Date: Tuesday, April 1, 2008	Apr 3, 2008
	National Agricultural Statistics Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Prices -- Annual Reports containing tables that give annual summaries of indexes of prices received and paid by farmers, prices received for commodities by state, and prices paid for production items. 1995 (which contains data for 1994 and some earlier years) is the earliest publication year available. (more)	Sep 5, 2003
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Resources and Environmental Indicators (AREI) Database and Mapping Tool Access to agricultural data using GIS mapping and database retrieval. The only source as of this posting is the Census of Agriculture, but more data sources and enhanced functionality are to be added in the future. Data may be viewed as an interactive map or in tabular form, and may be downloaded in tabular form. (more)	Oct 7, 2003
	National Agricultural Statistics Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Agricultural Statistics Annual publication that publishes information on agricultural production, supplies, consumption, facilities, costs, and returns in the United States. (more)	Aug 31, 2001
	Listeria monocytogenes Assessment Team, Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Assessing the Effectiveness of the "Listeria monocytogenes" Interim Final Rule: Summary Report Report regarding the effectiveness of aspects of the Listeria monocytogenes interim final rule. Includes findings and recommendations related to verification sampling, labeling and consumer education, retail, public health, economic impact, training, and small plant guidance and a discussion of accomplishments. Attachments include "Listeria Assessment Aspects" and "Project Assessment Team Reports". (more) Publication Date: Tuesday, September 28, 2004	Dec 1, 2004
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Background Data on U.S. Beef Industry Summary information on the U.S. beef industry and U.S. meat and livestock trade in 2002 and 2003, U.S. beef prices in 2003, current cattle/beef prices, and more. (more)	Jan 7, 2004
	Robertson, Robert E.	Beef and Lamb: Implications of Labeling by Country of Origin U.S. General Accounting Office Report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Livestock and Horticulture, Committee on Agriculture, House of Representatives. This report discusses the economic costs and benefits of labeling beef and lamb by country of origin, and includes import data for these commodities. (more) Publication Month: January 2000	Jul 31, 2002
	Food and Drug Administration	Beverages: Bottled Water Proposed rule to amend bottled water quality standard regulations regarding arsenic. Includes discussion of the regulatory impact analysis. The final rule is now available. (more) Publication Date: Thursday, December 2, 2004	Dec 3, 2004
	Food and Drug Administration	Beverages: Bottled Water Final rule that amends bottled water quality standard regulations with respect to arsenic. Includes an analysis of economic impacts and responses to comments on the proposed rule. (more) Publication Date: Thursday, June 9, 2005	Jun 12, 2005
	Foreign Agricultural Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Biotechnology and U.S. Agricultural Trade This website provides information and resources related to biotechnology and U.S. trade in agriculture. Includes links to news releases, fact sheets, events, publications, and more. (more)	Sep 14, 2004
	Dairy, Livestock and Poultry Division, Foreign Agricultural Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) This page links to resources related to the effects of BSE on trade. Includes links to reports, guidelines, directives, and other government agencies' and organizations' web sites related to BSE. (more)	Jan 7, 2004
	Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy; Minimal-Risk Regions and Importation of Commodities Final rule regarding the importation of animals and animal products from regions that present a minimal BSE risk. It establishes Canada as a minimal-risk region. Includes discussion of changes made in the final rule, background information on BSE and its regulation by APHIS, comments on the proposed rule and APHIS's responses, a summary of the economic analysis, and more. (more) Publication Date: Tuesday, January 4, 2005	Jan 5, 2005
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Briefing Room: Food Consumption This page provides an overview of American food supply, consumption, and expenditures as well as links to publications, data, and information on these topics. (more)	Feb 1, 2005
	Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce	Bureau of Economic Analysis The Bureau of Economic Analysis provides GDP and economic accounts data. From this home page, you can access data interactively, or follow links to datasets. (more)	Jun 7, 2002
	Lieberman, Joseph I.	Bush Administration Policy Shows No Respect for Seniors: Americans 70 and Over Valued Less When Calculating Benefits of Regulation: Lieberman Asks for Policy Renunciation Release and letter by Sen. Lieberman regarding Lieberman's views on the practices of adjusting for age in calculating the value of a life. (more) Publication Date: Tuesday, May 20, 2003	Jul 2, 2003
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Changes in Food Consumption and Expenditures Data on average annual household food use and related expenditures for major foods and food groups, 1977/78 and 1987/88. Publication Month: December 1992	Jun 7, 2002
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	China Agricultural and Economic Data National and provincial level agricultural-related data from China. Data are downloadable in pdf, Excel, or html format.	Jul 27, 2005
	Gale, Fred; Tang, Ping; Bai, Xianhong; Xu, Huijun	Commercialization of Food Consumption in Rural China Report of a study of rural food consumption patterns in China, with discussion of changes in consumption of self-produced commodities and commercial foods. Includes as an appendix "China Rural Household Survey". (more) Publication Month: July 2005	Jul 27, 2005
	Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration/Anderson, Donald W.; Lindrooth, Richard C.; Murray, Brian C.; Teague, Jackqueline L./Center for Economics Research, Research Triangle Institute	Cost of Restrictions on Gulf Oyster Harvesting for Control of Vibrio vulnificus-Caused Disease Report of a study conducted by the Research Triangle Institute (RTI) for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on the costs of various control plans for Vibrio vulnificus in Gulf of Mexico oysters. It includes an estimate of the compliance costs of the Interstate Shellfish Sanitation Conference (ISSC) interim control plan for Vibrio vulnificus in oysters. Data is provided in tables and charts on oyster harvests, oysters bound for raw consumption, number of harvesters, processing plants, and shippers, baseline prices, and more. (more) Publication Month: October 1996	Sep 30, 2002
	Foreign Trade Division, U.S. Census Bureau	Country by 1-digit SITC Commodity Trade Data Products traded with the U.S., listed in tables by month for each country. Data available beginning 1996.	Jun 7, 2002
	Krissoff, Barry; Kuchler, Fred; Nelson, Kenneth; Perry, Janet; Somwaru, Agapi	Country-of-Origin Labeling: Theory and Observation This report examines the economics behind the differing claims regarding the effects of mandatory country-of-origin labeling. (more) Publication Month: January 2004	Feb 4, 2004
	Stewart, Hayden; Blisard, Noel; Bhuyan, Sanjib; Nayga, Jr., Rodolfo M.	Demand for Food Away from Home: Full-Service or Fast Food? Report on the predicted growth of consumer spending at full-service and fast food restaurants, given the growth in household income and demographic changes. (more) Publication Month: January 2004	Jan 28, 2004
	Crutchfield, Stephen R.; Buzby, Jean C.; Roberts, Tanya; Ollinger, Michael; Lin, C.T. Jordan	Economic Assessment of Food Safety Regulations: The New Approach to Meat and Poultry Inspection This report discusses the economic implications of the implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) systems in federally inspected processors and slaughterhouses. (more) Publication Month: July 1997	Aug 31, 2001
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Economic Research Service This service provides economic research and data.	Aug 31, 2001
	Calvin, Linda; Avenda?o, Belem; Schwentesius, Rita	The Economics of Food Safety: The Case of Green Onions and Hepatitis A Outbreaks Report on the economics of food safety using a case study of foodborne illness outbreaks associated with green onions from Mexico. Includes discussion of the benefits and costs to growers of improving food safety practices, the economic impact of the green onion-associated Hepatitis A outbreaks, response to the outbreaks, and more. Appendices include "Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) and Good Manufacturing Practices (GMPs)" and "Imperfect Information and Prices for Safer Food". (more) Publication Month: December 2004	Dec 8, 2004
	Philipson, Tomas; Dai, Carolanne; Helmchen, Lorens; Variyam, Jayachandran	The Economics of Obesity: A Report on the Workshop Held at USDA's Economic Research Service Report of a workshop on the Economics of Obesity held April 22, 2003 in Washington, DC. Includes discussion of the causes or contributing factors to increased obesity, economic incentives to reducing obesity, methodology for assessing diet and physical activity, and future research needs. The workshop agenda is included as an appendix. (more) Publication Month: May 2004	Jun 3, 2004
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	ERS/USDA Data This web page will help you to find ERS data. Includes links to data products, tools for viewing data, interactive maps and spacial data, information quality guidelines, highlighted newly released and most requested datasets, and more. (more)	Oct 1, 2003
	Food and Drug Administration	Establishment and Maintenance of Records Under the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002 Final rule requiring the establishment and maintenance of records under the Bioterrorism Act. Includes discussion of changes to the proposed rule, comments on the proposed rule and FDA's responses, the regulatory impact analysis, and more. (more) Publication Date: Thursday, December 9, 2004	Dec 10, 2004
	U.S. Government Accountability Office	Experiences of Seven Countries in Consolidating Their Food Safety Systems Report on the experiences of Canada, Denmark, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom in consolidating their food safety systems. Includes information on what bodies were responsible for aspects of risk analysis before and after consolidation. Appendices include "Scope and Methodology," "Comments from the Department of Health and Human Services," "Comments from the U.S. Department of Agriculture," information on each of the countries’ consolidations, and more. (more) Publication Month: February 2005	Apr 3, 2005
	Foreign Agricultural Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	FAS Online FAS provides information and data about imports and exports, commodities, trade policy, buying US products, and more.	Jun 12, 2002
	Foreign Agricultural Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	FAS Processed Food Export Groups Database of U.S. food exports using a Baby BICO classification that groups foods in a way that should be more meaningful to the processed food industry. (more) Deadline: Wednesday, January 18, 2006	Jan 18, 2006
	Food and Drug Administration	FDA Enforcement Report Index Index of these weekly publications by the Food and Drug Administration on regulatory activities. Reports include product, code, recalling firm/manufacturer, reason, volume of product in commerce, and distribution information. (more)	Jun 12, 2002
	DMST, OSAS, CFSAN, Food and Drug Administration/RTI	FDA Labeling Cost Model An update to RTI's 1990 labeling cost model to better meet the FDA's current needs in estimating labeling costs. The report, entitled "FDA Labeling Cost Model: Final Report," includes background information, discussion of the revised cost estimates used in the model, a description of the assumptions and calculations used, and instructions for using the model. The model and instructions are downloadable. Software requirements: Stata and Microsoft Excel. Acknowledgement: With special thanks to the Economics Team in FDA-CFSAN, Office of Scientific Analysis and Support, Division of Market Studies. (more) Publication Month: January 2003	Feb 20, 2003
	Fedstats	FedStats Access to statistics from over 100 U.S. Federal agencies.	Aug 31, 2001
	Strategy Unit, United Kingdom Cabinet Office	Field Work: Weighing up the Costs and Benefits of GM crops Report on the costs and benefits of GM crops in the UK. Chapters include "The backdrop for GM crops: science, regulations, public attitudes and wider policy," "Analysis of costs and benefits," "Scenario analysis and conclusions," "Next steps," and others. Annexes include "Organizations consulted and submissions received," "The GM Dialogue: links with the Public Debate and the Science Review," and others. (more) Publication Year: 2003	Jul 17, 2003
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food Away From Home Data on trends on spending in commercial eating places, types of eating places, foods consumed, and food as a snack or meal. Also includes average cost of meals and snacks by occasion and restaurant type and meals and snacks spending by establishment type. (more) Publication Month: December 1995	Jun 7, 2002
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food Consumption, Prices and Expenditures Data on food consumption, prices and expenditures. Available datasets include 1968-1989, 1970-1995, and 1970-1997.	Jun 7, 2002
	Putnam, Judith Jones, and Jane E. Allshouse	Food Consumption, Prices, and Expenditures, 1970-97 Report presents data on food consumption, prices, and expenditures by commodity and commodity group, supply and use, prices, total expenditures, and U.S. income and population. (more) Publication Month: April 1999	Jun 7, 2002
	Food and Drug Administration	Food Labeling: Safe Handling Statements: Labeling of Shell Eggs Proposed rule "to amend the agency’s food labeling regulations to permit the egg industry to place the safe handling statement for shell eggs on the inside lid of egg cartons if the statement "Keep Refrigerated" appears on the principal display panel (PDP) or information panel." Includes discussion of the analysis of economic impacts. (more) Publication Date: Thursday, May 5, 2005	May 6, 2005
	Food and Drug Administration	Food Labeling; Nutrient Content Claims, Definition of Sodium Levels for the Term "Healthy" Final rule regarding the maximum sodium levels permitted in foods that bear the term "healthy." Includes discussion of comments received on the proposed rule, the regulatory impact analysis, and more. (more) Deadline: Friday, October 7, 2005 Publication Date: Thursday, September 29, 2005	Oct 7, 2005
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food Market Indicators Data on economic activity related to food production and distribution, including supply, sales, industry structure and performance, trade, food expenditures, farm-to-retail price spreads, and other characteristics. (more)	Oct 20, 2003
	Golan, Elise, et al.	Food Safety Innovation in the United States: Evidence from the Meat Industry Report of a study on food safety innovation in the meat industry, including factors that motivate firms to invest in innovation. Sections include "Theory: The Economics of Food Safety Innovation," "Empirical Investigation: A Closer Look at Food Safety Drivers in the Meat Industry," and "Market and Regulatory Incentives for Food Safety Innovation". (more) Publication Month: April 2004	Apr 5, 2004
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food Spending in American Households, 1980-1988 Data on household food expenditures by major food groups and by household demographic characteristics. Includes data on food price trends and the percent of households purchasing selected food items in a week. Data actually goes up to 1992. (more) Publication Month: October 1994	Jun 7, 2002
	Food and Drug Administration	Food Standards: Amendment of Standards of Identity for Enriched Grain Products to Require Addition of Folic Acid Final rule that amends the standards of identity for certain enriched grain products, enriched bromated flour, enriched vegetable macaroni, and enriched vegetable noodle products to require fortification with folic acid. Comments received in response to the proposed rule are addressed, as is the economic impact, including discussion of the costs and benefits of different regulatory options. (more) Publication Date: Tuesday, March 5, 1996	Aug 5, 2004
	Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food Standards: Requirements for Substitute Standardized Meat and Poultry Products Named by Use of an Expressed Nutrient Content Claim and a Standardized Term "In this final rule, FSIS is establishing a general definition and standard of identity for standardized meat and poultry products that have been modified to qualify for use of an expressed nutrient content claim in their product names in conjunction with a standardized term." Includes responses to comments on the proposed rule, discussion of costs and benefits, and more. (more) Publication Date: Friday, June 10, 2005	Jun 10, 2005
	Food Safety and Inspection Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture/Food and Drug Administration	Food Standards; General Principles and Food Standards Modernization Proposed rule to establish a set of general principles for food standards. Includes background information, discussion of the proposed general principles, the cost benefit analysis, and more. (more) Deadline: Thursday, August 18, 2005 Publication Date: Friday, May 20, 2005	May 24, 2005
	Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture	Food, Beverages, and Tobacco Expenditures, 1970-1988